Articles

Key takeaways

• Bleeding gums during pregnancy are often due to hormonal changes.
• This condition is called pregnancy gingivitis.
• Maintain excellent oral hygiene and attend dental check-ups.
• Use a small-headed toothbrush with soft bristles.

Why are my gums bleeding during pregnancy?

You might notice your gums are swollen, red, and tender. They might also bleed when you brush or floss. This is very common and is known as pregnancy gingivitis.

Hormonal changes during pregnancy are a common cause. Your body produces more of the hormone progesterone. This boosts the blood supply to your mouth.

Increased blood flow makes your gums more sensitive to bacteria. Hormonal changes also make your gums more vulnerable to plaque. This can lead to inflammation and bleeding.

How to prevent and manage bleeding gums

It is very important to keep your teeth and gums clean and healthy during pregnancy. Keeping your mouth, teeth, and gums healthy is the best way to prevent or manage gum problems. You should also continue with regular dental check-ups.

Daily oral care

Clean your teeth carefully twice a day. Brush for two minutes each time with a fluoride toothpaste. Ask your dentist to show you a good brushing method. This will help remove plaque effectively.

Use a small-headed toothbrush with soft bristles. Make sure it is comfortable to hold. Floss once a day to remove small bits of food from between your teeth. This helps prevent plaque build-up.

Diet and morning sickness

Try to avoid sugary drinks and foods too often. This includes fizzy drinks or sweet tea.

If you are hungry between meals, choose healthy snacks. Good options include vegetables, fresh fruit, or plain yoghurt. Avoid sugary or acidic foods for snacks.

If you experience morning sickness, try to wait an hour before you brush your teeth. The acid from your tummy can soften your tooth enamel.

Rinse your mouth with plain water or use an alcohol-free fluoride mouthwash. Do this after each time you are sick.

Dental check-ups

Book a dentist appointment during your pregnancy. Dental care is free through the NHS while you are pregnant. It remains free for one year after your baby's birth. Ask your midwife for a maternity exemption certificate. This will let you get free dental care and prescriptions.

Make sure your dentist knows you are pregnant. They can give your teeth a thorough clean. They can also show you how to keep your teeth clean at home. If you are already registered with an NHS dentist, get regular check-ups.

When to see a dentist or doctor

While mild bleeding gums are common in pregnancy, certain symptoms warrant immediate professional attention.

Contact your dentist if you experience any of the following symptoms:

• Severe or persistent gum pain
• Significant swelling
• Excessive gum bleeding
• Loose teeth
• Pus around your gums
• Persistent bad breath

These could be signs of a more serious gum infection, such as periodontitis. This condition requires prompt treatment.

Your dentist can assess your condition and recommend the appropriate course of action. If you have other concerning symptoms or general health issues, consult your doctor.